Types of Dynamic Routing Protocols

IGP – Interior Gateway Protocol (OSPF , RIP, EIGRP) : Used to find network path information within a single autonomous system(AS)

1.   DISTANCE VECTOR –

Distance vector routing is so named because it involves two factors: the distance, or metric, of a destination, and the vector, or direction to take to get there.

Routing information is only exchanged between directly connected neighbors. This means a router knows from which neighbor a route was learned, but it does not know where that neighbor learned the route; a router can't see beyond its own neighbors

2.   LINK STATE –

Link-state routing, in contrast, requires that all routers know about the paths reachable by all other routers in the network.

Link-state information is flooded throughout the link-state domain to ensure all routers posses a synchronized copy of the area's link-state database.

From this common database, each router constructs its own relative shortest-path tree, with itself as the root, for all known routes

EGP – Exterior Gateway Protocol  – Used to find network path information between different autonomous systems.

BGP is the only EGP that exists currently.

Commonly used terminologies:

HOP COUNT - Hop count is the number of network devices between the starting node and the destination node

AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM – Internetwork under the control of a single organization. Ex: AT&T, University Network